What are 3D Image Files?

Files used to store 3D or three-dimensional modeling data on a computer system are called 3D Image Files. The 3D image file was created to provide a means of storing 3D information about 3D models to be used in images, videos, CAD designs, and many other applications. These files can be used to store 3D models as well as 3D animations and 3D project files.

3D files use mathematical formulas to store a computer representation of any surface of a 3D object. The purpose of these files is to store 3D data in binary or plain text format, encoding the key attributes of a 3D functionality, including:

• Scence (camera angle, lighting, etc.)
• Appearance (colors, material, texture, etc.)
• Geometry (shape)
• Animation (how the model / item itself moves)

3D images are commonly used in movies, video games, 3D printing, architecture, engineering, sciences, and other relevant applications. Every industry has it’s own set of popular formats that are unique to it’s requirements. A few of the most common 3D image formats include:

• OBJ — Format: Binary
  The OBJ file type is primary used in 3D printing applications and in 3D graphics. It was originally created by Wavefront Technologies for its Advanced Visualization animation software. It can encode several attributes such as color, texture, shape, and supports both precise and approximate encoding of surface geometry. Because it is a neutral, open format, it is quickly gaining popularity in the full color 3D printing space.
• CSO — Format: Binary
  The CSO file format is a compiled version of the HLSL (High Level Shader Language) format file. This file type was developed by Microsoft for Microsoft Visual Studio to allow the implementation of 3D functionality in Direct3D / DirectX applications. It allows complex shading of color to provide images a three-dimensional look and feel.
• VS — Format: Text
  VS or Vertex Shader file format is used by OpenGL, an API for rendering 2D and 3D vector graphics, and DirectX, a collection of APIs used for running games on Windows. It is used to store properties like lightning and shading effects for points in 3D space (vertices).
• HXN — Format: Unknown
  Developed by DAZ Productions, HXN or Hexagon Model File format is used by Hexagon, a 3D modeling software. It can be used to store texture settings and polyhedral 3D mesh.
• FX — Format: Text
  Developed by Microsoft, the FX file format is used by Direct3D, a part of DirectX's collection of APIs. It is used to store effects, which itself can be broken down into three categories. The variables are declared at the top of the effect, while functions are used to implement the shader code (or used by other functions), and lastly, the technique category that renders sequences using one or more effect passes.

File Database Breakdown - 3D Image File Extensions

Top 3D Image File Extensions